Anesthesia Technologist Practice Exam

What type of hypersensitivity reaction is Type I in response to latex exposure?

1. Delayed reaction

2. Life-threatening within minutes

3. Local skin irritation only

4. Immediate and local rash only

The correct answer is: Life-threatening within minutes

Type I hypersensitivity reactions are characterized by their rapid onset and can lead to life-threatening situations within minutes of exposure to an allergen, such as latex. This form of hypersensitivity involves the IgE antibodies that bind to allergens and trigger the release of mediators like histamine from mast cells and basophils. The symptoms can range from mild to severe and include anaphylaxis, which is a critical condition that requires immediate medical attention. When latex is introduced into the body, an individual with sensitization may experience symptoms such as hives, swelling, and in more severe cases, respiratory distress, cardiovascular collapse, or even loss of consciousness. This rapid and systemic response is what is meant by "life-threatening within minutes." Understanding Type I hypersensitivity is crucial for the management and prevention of allergic reactions, especially in clinical settings where latex exposure may occur. In contrast, other types of reactions, such as delayed reactions or localized skin irritations, do not involve the immediate and systemic nature associated with Type I hypersensitivity.