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In autotransfusion, why is it critical to monitor the anticoagulant solution closely?

  1. To maintain the pH level of the blood

  2. To avoid excessive dilution of salvaged blood

  3. To ensure the flow speed of the transfusion

  4. To determine the effectiveness of autotransfusion

The correct answer is: To avoid excessive dilution of salvaged blood

In the context of autotransfusion, monitoring the anticoagulant solution closely is vital to avoid excessive dilution of salvaged blood. Autotransfusion involves collecting a patient's own blood during surgery or trauma, which is then processed and reinfused. Anticoagulants are added to prevent the blood from clotting; however, if the concentration of anticoagulant becomes too high due to insufficient monitoring or incorrect dosaging, it can lead to excessive dilution of the salvaged blood. Excessively diluted blood may contain inadequate levels of red blood cells, leading to anemia when reinfused. Additionally, an improper balance can alter the physiochemical properties of the blood, impacting its efficacy and the patient’s recovery following transfusion. Therefore, maintaining an optimal anticoagulant level ensures that the salvaged blood remains effectively concentrated and viable for reinfusion, thereby maximizing patient safety and outcomes.